
# #########################################################################
# #########################################################################
#  _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ ______ 
# |   |   |   |   |   |   |   _   |    |  |_     _|__     |    ___|   __ \
# |       |   |   |       |       |       |_|   |_|     __|    ___|      <
# |___|___|_______|__|_|__|___|___|__|____|_______|_______|_______|___|__|
# 
# #########################################################################
# #########################################################################
#                 Humanizer's required Apache configuration
# #########################################################################

# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# | Rewrite all ROOT `.html` and `.md` files to `/pages`                    |
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------

<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
    RewriteEngine On
    RewriteRule ^/?([0-9a-zA-Z\._-]+.(html|md))$ pages/$1
</IfModule>

# #########################################################################
# #########################################################################
#       _______ _______ _______ ______ ______ _______ _______ _______ 
#      |     __|    |  |_     _|   __ \   __ \    ___|_     _|     __|
#      |__     |       |_|   |_|    __/    __/    ___| |   | |__     |
#      |_______|__|____|_______|___|  |___|  |_______| |___| |_______|
# 
# #########################################################################
# #########################################################################
#                           More Apache snippets
#                 Apache Server Configs v6.0.0 | MIT License
# #########################################################################

# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# | Cross-origin images                                                |
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------

# Send the CORS header for images when browsers request it.
#
# https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/CORS_enabled_image
# https://blog.chromium.org/2011/07/using-cross-domain-images-in-webgl-and.html

<IfModule mod_setenvif.c>
    <IfModule mod_headers.c>
        <FilesMatch "\.(avifs?|bmp|cur|gif|ico|jpe?g|jxl|a?png|svgz?|webp)$">
            SetEnvIf Origin ":" IS_CORS
            Header set Access-Control-Allow-Origin "*" env=IS_CORS
        </FilesMatch>
    </IfModule>
</IfModule>

# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# | Cross-origin web fonts                                             |
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------

# Allow cross-origin access to web fonts.
#
# https://developers.google.com/fonts/docs/troubleshooting

<IfModule mod_headers.c>
    <FilesMatch "\.(eot|otf|tt[cf]|woff2?)$">
        Header set Access-Control-Allow-Origin "*"
    </FilesMatch>
</IfModule>

# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# | Error prevention                                                   |
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------

# Disable the pattern matching based on filenames.
#
# This setting prevents Apache from returning a 404 error as the result of a
# rewrite when the directory with the same name does not exist.
#
# https://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/content-negotiation.html#multiviews

Options -MultiViews

# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# | Media types                                                        |
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------

# Serve resources with the proper media types (f.k.a. MIME types).
#
# https://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/media-types.xhtml
# https://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/mod/mod_mime.html#addtype

<IfModule mod_mime.c>

  # Data interchange

    AddType application/atom+xml                        atom
    AddType application/json                            json map topojson
    AddType application/ld+json                         jsonld
    AddType application/rss+xml                         rss
    AddType application/geo+json                        geojson
    AddType application/rdf+xml                         rdf
    AddType application/xml                             xml


  # JavaScript

    # Servers should use text/javascript for JavaScript resources.
    # https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/scripting.html#scriptingLanguages

    AddType text/javascript                             js mjs


  # Manifest files

    AddType application/manifest+json                   webmanifest
    AddType application/x-web-app-manifest+json         webapp
    AddType text/cache-manifest                         appcache


  # Media files

    AddType audio/mp4                                   f4a f4b m4a
    AddType audio/ogg                                   oga ogg opus
    AddType image/avif                                  avif avifs
    AddType image/bmp                                   bmp
    AddType image/jxl                                   jxl
    AddType image/svg+xml                               svg svgz
    AddType image/webp                                  webp
    AddType video/mp4                                   f4v f4p m4v mp4
    AddType video/ogg                                   ogv
    AddType video/webm                                  webm
    AddType video/x-flv                                 flv

    # Serving `.ico` image files with a different media type prevents
    # Internet Explorer from displaying them as images:
    # https://github.com/h5bp/html5-boilerplate/commit/37b5fec090d00f38de64b591bcddcb205aadf8ee

    AddType image/x-icon                                cur ico


  # WebAssembly

    AddType application/wasm                            wasm


  # Web fonts

    AddType font/woff                                   woff
    AddType font/woff2                                  woff2
    AddType application/vnd.ms-fontobject               eot
    AddType font/ttf                                    ttf
    AddType font/collection                             ttc
    AddType font/otf                                    otf


  # Other

    AddType application/octet-stream                    safariextz
    AddType application/x-bb-appworld                   bbaw
    AddType application/x-chrome-extension              crx
    AddType application/x-opera-extension               oex
    AddType application/x-xpinstall                     xpi
    AddType text/calendar                               ics
    AddType text/markdown                               markdown md
    AddType text/vcard                                  vcard vcf
    AddType text/vnd.rim.location.xloc                  xloc
    AddType text/vtt                                    vtt
    AddType text/x-component                            htc

</IfModule>

# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# | Character encodings                                                |
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------

# Serve all resources labeled as `text/html` or `text/plain` with the media type
# `charset` parameter set to `UTF-8`.
#
# https://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/mod/core.html#adddefaultcharset

AddDefaultCharset utf-8

# - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

# Serve the following file types with the media type `charset` parameter set to
# `UTF-8`.
#
# https://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/mod/mod_mime.html#addcharset

<IfModule mod_mime.c>
    AddCharset utf-8 .appcache \
                     .bbaw \
                     .css \
                     .htc \
                     .ics \
                     .js \
                     .json \
                     .manifest \
                     .map \
                     .markdown \
                     .md \
                     .mjs \
                     .topojson \
                     .vtt \
                     .vcard \
                     .vcf \
                     .webmanifest \
                     .xloc
</IfModule>

# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# | Rewrite engine                                                     |
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------

# (1) Turn on the rewrite engine (this is necessary in order for the
#     `RewriteRule` directives to work).
#
#     https://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/mod/mod_rewrite.html#RewriteEngine
#
# (2) Enable the `FollowSymLinks` option if it isn't already.
#
#     https://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/mod/core.html#options
#
# (3) If your web host doesn't allow the `FollowSymlinks` option, you need to
#     comment it out or remove it, and then uncomment the
#     `Options +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch` line (4), but be aware of the performance
#     impact.
#
#     https://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/misc/perf-tuning.html#symlinks
#
# (4) Some cloud hosting services will require you set `RewriteBase`.
#
#     https://www.rackspace.com/knowledge_center/frequently-asked-question/why-is-modrewrite-not-working-on-my-site
#     https://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/mod/mod_rewrite.html#rewritebase
#
# (5) Depending on how your server is set up, you may also need to use the
#     `RewriteOptions` directive to enable some options for the rewrite engine.
#
#     https://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/mod/mod_rewrite.html#rewriteoptions

<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>

    # (1)
    RewriteEngine On

    # (2)
    Options +FollowSymlinks

    # (3)
    # Options +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch

    # (4)
    # RewriteBase /

    # (5)
    # RewriteOptions <options>

</IfModule>

# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# | Forcing `https://`                                                 |
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------

# Redirect from the `http://` to the `https://` version of the URL.
#
# https://wiki.apache.org/httpd/RewriteHTTPToHTTPS

# (1) If you're using cPanel AutoSSL or the Let's Encrypt webroot method it
#     will fail to validate the certificate if validation requests are
#     redirected to HTTPS. Turn on the condition(s) you need.
#
#     https://www.iana.org/assignments/well-known-uris/well-known-uris.xhtml
#     https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-acme-acme-12

# <IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
#    RewriteEngine On
#    RewriteCond %{HTTPS} !=on
#    # (1)
#    # RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^/\.well-known/acme-challenge/
#    # RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^/\.well-known/cpanel-dcv/[\w-]+$
#    # RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^/\.well-known/pki-validation/[A-F0-9]{32}\.txt(?:\ Comodo\ DCV)?$
#    RewriteRule ^ https://%{HTTP_HOST}%{REQUEST_URI} [R=301,L]
# </IfModule>

# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# | Suppressing the `www.` at the beginning of URLs                    |
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------

# Rewrite www.example.com → example.com

# The same content should never be available under two different URLs,
# especially not with and without `www.` at the beginning.
# This can cause SEO problems (duplicate content), and therefore, you should
# choose one of the alternatives and redirect the other one.
#
# (!) NEVER USE BOTH WWW-RELATED RULES AT THE SAME TIME!

# (1) Set %{ENV:PROTO} variable, to allow rewrites to redirect with the
#     appropriate schema automatically (http or https).
#
# (2) The rule assumes by default that both HTTP and HTTPS environments are
#     available for redirection.
#     If your SSL certificate could not handle one of the domains used during
#     redirection, you should turn the condition on.
#
#     https://github.com/h5bp/server-configs-apache/issues/52

<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>

    RewriteEngine On

    # (1)
    RewriteCond %{HTTPS} =on
    RewriteRule ^ - [E=PROTO:https]
    RewriteCond %{HTTPS} !=on
    RewriteRule ^ - [E=PROTO:http]

    # (2)
    # RewriteCond %{HTTPS} !=on

    RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^www\.(.+)$ [NC]
    RewriteRule ^ %{ENV:PROTO}://%1%{REQUEST_URI} [R=301,L]

</IfModule>

# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# | File access                                                        |
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------

# Block access to directories without a default document.
#
# You should leave the following uncommented, as you shouldn't allow anyone to
# surf through every directory on your server (which may include rather
# private places such as the CMS's directories).

<IfModule mod_autoindex.c>
    Options -Indexes
</IfModule>

# - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

# Block access to all hidden files and directories except for the
# visible content from within the `/.well-known/` hidden directory.
#
# These types of files usually contain user preferences or the preserved state
# of a utility, and can include rather private places like, for example, the
# `.git` or `.svn` directories.
#
# The `/.well-known/` directory represents the standard (RFC 5785) path prefix
# for "well-known locations" (e.g.: `/.well-known/manifest.json`,
# `/.well-known/keybase.txt`), and therefore, access to its visible content
# should not be blocked.
#
# https://www.mnot.net/blog/2010/04/07/well-known
# https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5785

<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
    RewriteEngine On
    RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} "!(^|/)\.well-known/([^./]+./?)+$" [NC]
    RewriteCond %{SCRIPT_FILENAME} -d [OR]
    RewriteCond %{SCRIPT_FILENAME} -f
    RewriteRule "(^|/)\." - [F]
</IfModule>

# - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

# Block access to files that can expose sensitive information.
#
# By default, block access to backup and source files that may be left by some
# text editors and can pose a security risk when anyone has access to them.
#
# https://feross.org/cmsploit/
#
# (!) Update the `<FilesMatch>` regular expression from below to include any
#     files that might end up on your production server and can expose
#     sensitive information about your website. These files may include:
#     configuration files, files that contain metadata about the project (e.g.:
#     project dependencies, build scripts, etc.).

<IfModule mod_authz_core.c>
    <FilesMatch "(^#.*#|\.(bak|conf|dist|fla|in[ci]|log|orig|psd|sh|sql|sw[op])|~)$">
        Require all denied
    </FilesMatch>
</IfModule>

# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# | Content Type Options                                               |
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------

# Prevent some browsers from MIME-sniffing the response.
#
# This reduces exposure to drive-by download attacks and cross-origin data
# leaks, and should be left uncommented, especially if the server is serving
# user-uploaded content or content that could potentially be treated as
# executable by the browser.
#
# https://owasp.org/www-project-secure-headers/#x-content-type-options
# https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/X-Content-Type-Options
# https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/ie/2008/07/02/ie8-security-part-v-comprehensive-protection/
# https://mimesniff.spec.whatwg.org/

<IfModule mod_headers.c>
    Header always set X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff"
</IfModule>

# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# | Server-side technology information                                 |
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------

# Remove the `X-Powered-By` response header that:
#
#  * is set by some frameworks and server-side languages (e.g.: ASP.NET, PHP),
#    and its value contains information about them (e.g.: their name, version
#    number)
#
#  * doesn't provide any value to users, contributes to header bloat, and in
#    some cases, the information it provides can expose vulnerabilities
#
# (!) If you can, you should disable the `X-Powered-By` header from the
#     language/framework level (e.g.: for PHP, you can do that by setting
#     `expose_php = off` in `php.ini`).
#
# https://php.net/manual/en/ini.core.php#ini.expose-php

<IfModule mod_headers.c>
    Header unset X-Powered-By
    Header always unset X-Powered-By
</IfModule>

# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# | Server software information                                        |
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------

# Prevent Apache from adding a trailing footer line containing information
# about the server to the server-generated documents (e.g.: error messages,
# directory listings, etc.).
#
# https://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/mod/core.html#serversignature

ServerSignature Off

# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# | Compression                                                        |
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------

<IfModule mod_deflate.c>

    # Force compression for mangled `Accept-Encoding` request headers
    #
    # https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Accept-Encoding
    # https://calendar.perfplanet.com/2010/pushing-beyond-gzipping/

    <IfModule mod_setenvif.c>
        <IfModule mod_headers.c>
            SetEnvIfNoCase ^(Accept-EncodXng|X-cept-Encoding|X{15}|~{15}|-{15})$ ^((gzip|deflate)\s*,?\s*)+|[X~-]{4,13}$ HAVE_Accept-Encoding
            RequestHeader append Accept-Encoding "gzip,deflate" env=HAVE_Accept-Encoding
        </IfModule>
    </IfModule>

    # - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

    # Compress all output labeled with one of the following media types.
    #
    # https://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/mod/mod_filter.html#addoutputfilterbytype

    <IfModule mod_filter.c>
        AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE "application/atom+xml" \
                                      "application/javascript" \
                                      "application/json" \
                                      "application/ld+json" \
                                      "application/manifest+json" \
                                      "application/rdf+xml" \
                                      "application/rss+xml" \
                                      "application/schema+json" \
                                      "application/geo+json" \
                                      "application/vnd.ms-fontobject" \
                                      "application/wasm" \
                                      "application/x-font-ttf" \
                                      "application/x-javascript" \
                                      "application/x-web-app-manifest+json" \
                                      "application/xhtml+xml" \
                                      "application/xml" \
                                      "font/eot" \
                                      "font/opentype" \
                                      "font/otf" \
                                      "font/ttf" \
                                      "image/bmp" \
                                      "image/svg+xml" \
                                      "image/vnd.microsoft.icon" \
                                      "image/x-icon" \
                                      "text/cache-manifest" \
                                      "text/calendar" \
                                      "text/css" \
                                      "text/html" \
                                      "text/javascript" \
                                      "text/plain" \
                                      "text/markdown" \
                                      "text/vcard" \
                                      "text/vnd.rim.location.xloc" \
                                      "text/vtt" \
                                      "text/x-component" \
                                      "text/x-cross-domain-policy" \
                                      "text/xml"

    </IfModule>

    # - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

    # Map the following filename extensions to the specified encoding type in
    # order to make Apache serve the file types with the appropriate
    # `Content-Encoding` response header (do note that this will NOT make
    # Apache compress them!).
    #
    # If these files types would be served without an appropriate
    # `Content-Encoding` response header, client applications (e.g.: browsers)
    # wouldn't know that they first need to uncompress the response, and thus,
    # wouldn't be able to understand the content.
    #
    # https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Content-Encoding
    # https://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/mod/mod_mime.html#addencoding

    <IfModule mod_mime.c>
        AddEncoding gzip              svgz
    </IfModule>

</IfModule>

# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# | ETags                                                              |
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------

# Remove `ETags` as resources are sent with far-future expires headers.
#
# Apache `ETags` might have an unexpected behavior if `DeflateAlterETag`
# can't be changed (which is the case at `.htaccess` level).
#
# https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/ETag
# https://developer.yahoo.com/performance/rules.html#etags
# https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7232#section-2.3

# `FileETag None` doesn't work in all cases.
<IfModule mod_headers.c>
    Header unset ETag
</IfModule>

FileETag None

# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# | Cache expiration                                                   |
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------

# Serve resources with a far-future expiration date.
#
# (!) If you don't control versioning with filename-based cache busting, you
#     should consider lowering the cache times to something like one week.
#
# https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Cache-Control
# https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Expires
# https://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/mod/mod_expires.html

<IfModule mod_expires.c>

    ExpiresActive on

    # Default: Fallback
    ExpiresDefault                                      "access plus 1 year"

    # Specific: Assets
    ExpiresByType image/vnd.microsoft.icon              "access plus 1 week"
    ExpiresByType image/x-icon                          "access plus 1 week"

    # Specific: Manifests
    ExpiresByType application/manifest+json             "access plus 1 week"
    ExpiresByType application/x-web-app-manifest+json   "access"
    ExpiresByType text/cache-manifest                   "access"

    # Specific: Data interchange
    ExpiresByType application/atom+xml                  "access plus 1 hour"
    ExpiresByType application/rdf+xml                   "access plus 1 hour"
    ExpiresByType application/rss+xml                   "access plus 1 hour"

    # Specific: Documents
    ExpiresByType text/html                             "access"
    ExpiresByType text/markdown                         "access"
    ExpiresByType text/calendar                         "access"

    # Specific: Other
    ExpiresByType text/x-cross-domain-policy            "access plus 1 week"

    # Generic: Data
    ExpiresByType application/json                      "access"
    ExpiresByType application/ld+json                   "access"
    ExpiresByType application/schema+json               "access"
    ExpiresByType application/geo+json                  "access"
    ExpiresByType application/xml                       "access"
    ExpiresByType text/xml                              "access"

    # Generic: WebAssembly
    # ExpiresByType application/wasm                    "access plus 1 year" # default

    # Generic: Assets
    # ExpiresByType application/javascript              "access plus 1 year" # default
    # ExpiresByType application/x-javascript            "access plus 1 year" # default
    # ExpiresByType text/javascript                     "access plus 1 year" # default
    # ExpiresByType text/css                            "access plus 1 year" # default

    # Generic: Medias
    # ExpiresByType audio/*                             "access plus 1 year" # default
    # ExpiresByType image/*                             "access plus 1 year" # default
    # ExpiresByType video/*                             "access plus 1 year" # default
    # ExpiresByType font/*                              "access plus 1 year" # default

</IfModule>
